Intlanzi, ukongeza ekubeni yenye yokutya kweenkwenkwezi kukutya kweMeditera, yintsika esisiseko sayo nakuphi na ukutya okunempilo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kufikwa ekugcwaliseni inqwelo yokuthenga, omnye wemibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngulo: Zeziphi iintlanzi ezinemekyuri encinci? Ukuba ukhe wazibuza ukuba ungatya ngokukhuselekileyo iintlanzi ngaphandle kokuvezwa kwisinyithi esinzima, ufike kwindawo elungileyo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando oluninzi luye lwapapashwa malunga nobukho be-mercury kwintlanzi yaselwandle, iphakamisa inkxalabo phakathi kwabathengi. Namhlanje siqokelela ulwazi lwezenzululwazi malunga ne intlanzi kunye ne-shellfish ene-mercury concentrations ephantsi, echaza ngokucacileyo nangendlela esexesheni ukuba ziyiziphi, kutheni kubalulekile ukuzikhetha, nendlela imekyuri eyichaphazela ngayo impilo yethu. Zilungiselele ukufumanisa yonke into okufuneka uyazi malunga nesihloko, uxhaswa bubungqina bamva nje kunye neengcebiso ezisebenzayo zokutya iintlanzi ngokukhuselekileyo.
Kutheni kukho inkxalabo malunga nemekyuri kwiintlanzi?
El imekyuri Yintsimbi enzima ethi, ngenxa yokungcoliseka kwendalo, inokuphela emilanjeni, emachibini kwaye ngakumbi elwandle. Xa sele ilapho, ifunxwa zizinto eziphila emanzini kwisiseko sekhonkco lokutya kwaye, ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-biomagnification, iqokelelana kwizihlunu zentlanzi kunye noonokrwece njengoko zinyusa ikhonkco lokutya. Oku kuthetha ukuba amarhamncwa amakhulu, oko kukuthi intlanzi enkulu kunye nobomi obude, ngabo bathanda ukuqokelela eyona mercury.
Eyona ngxaki yile imethylmercury, enye yezona ndlela zinetyhefu zemekyuri, ezigcinwe enyameni yentlanzi kwaye zinokufunxwa yimizimba yethu xa sisebenzisa oku kutya. I iziphumo zempilo Zingabalulekile kwiimeko zokuthatha okuphezulu: umonakalo kwizintso, imiphunga, inkqubo ye-cardiovascular system kunye ne-nervous system, ngakumbi kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abantwana kunye nabantu abanobucayi.
IGunya loKhuseleko loKutya laseYurophu (EFSA) Imisela umda okhuselekileyo wokuthatha i-1,3 micrograms ye-methylmercury ngekhilogram yesisindo somzimba ngeveki kunye ne-4 micrograms ngekhilogram kwimeko ye-mercury engabonakaliyo. Imimiselo yaseYurophu ibeka isilingi ye I-0,5 micrograms ye-mercury ngegram yentlanzi ukusetyenziswa rhoqo.
Yeyiphi intlanzi eqokelela eyona mercury?
Kukho isivumelwano senzululwazi: Ezona ntlanzi zinkulu, ziphila ixesha elide, kwaye zidla inyama zezo zinokuqokelela eyona mercury.. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:
- Ityhuna ebomvu
- Intlanzi yeswedi (umlawuli)
- Lucio
- Ookrebe (abanje nge blue sharks kunye ne mako sharks)
- Iqela elimnyama
- Ibream yolwandle eqhelekileyo
- eel yaseYurophu
- Ukudlwengula
- I-crayfish enkulu
- barracuda yaseYurophu
Ezi ntlanzi zihlala zingaphezulu komda ocetyiswayo kwaye, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwazo kukhuselekile ngamanani amancinci kubantu abadala abasempilweni, Abafazi abakhulelweyo nabantwana bafanele baziphephe okanye ukunciphisa ukutya kwakho ngokwengcebiso esemthethweni, njengaleyo ye-Arhente yaseSpain yoKhuseleko loKutya kunye neZondlo (AESAN).
Kutheni ezinye iintlanzi zinemekyuri encinci?
Undoqo kukuba iintlanzi ezincinci, ezihlala ixesha elifutshane ezitya kakhulu iplankton okanye izilwanyana ezincinci Abanaxesha lokuqokelela iidosi ezinkulu zesinyithi esinzima kwizicubu zabo. Ngaphaya koko, oonokrwece abaninzi kunye neemollusk, nazo ezityiwa ngobuninzi, zinemigangatho ephantse ibeyiyo yemekyuri.
Okufanayo kuya iintlanzi ezifuywayo, eziphakanyiswe kwiindawo ezilawulwayo kwaye ukutya kunye nendawo yazo zibekwe esweni ngokungqongqo ukukhusela ukungena kwezinto ezingcolileyo. Ngoko ke, abathengi abaninzi bayayixabisa imvelaphi kunye nendlela yokulima xa kuthengwa iintlanzi.
Uluhlu oluqinisekileyo: Intlanzi kunye nokutya kwaselwandle ngeyona mercury incinci
Imibutho emininzi yakutshanje kunye nezifundo, ezifana nomsebenzi we Iziko loxilongo lweNdalo kunye nezifundo zaManzi (IDAEA-CSIC) kunye neengxelo ze-OCU ziseke uluhlu oluvunyelweneyo lweentlobo ezithe "abasoze badlule kuyo" umyinge ophakanyisiweyo we-mercury kuyo nayiphi na iisampulu ezihlalutyiweyo. Phakathi kweentlobo ezingaphezu kwe-1.300 zeentlobo ezingama-58 zeentlanzi kunye neentlanzi ezithengiswa eSpain, eItali naseFransi, kuphela. Iindidi ezingama-13 waphuma "ecocekile." Nalu uluhlu, nangona ezinye zinokuba nzima ukuzifumana kuzo zonke iimarike:
- Isadini
- I-anchovy
- umbala oluhlaza
- ICaramel (Spicara smaris) / Trompero
- Ibream yolwandle (iintlobo ezithile: iblackspot sea bream)
- UDorada
- Iskwidi eqhelekileyo (nangona ingeyiyo "intlanzi" enjalo, kodwa i-cephalopod)
- INkosana (isikhwenene okanye iraón)
- I-rock mullet
- Nkomo
- ICorvinera (icroaker emdaka)
- Salema (salpa)
- Lampuga
Ezi ntlobo zinokuthi zithathwe "zikhuselekile" ngokubhekiselele kumxholo we-mercury kwaye zinconywa ngokukodwa ukuba ujonge ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwakho kule ntsimbi.
Ezinye iintlanzi kunye ne-shellfish ephantsi kwi-mercury ngokwe-OCU kunye ne-AESAN
Ukongeza kuluhlu lweentlobo ze-13, ezinye izifundo kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezifana ne Umbutho wabathengi kunye nabasebenzisi (OCU) kunye ne-AESAN ibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi ezinomthamo we-mercury ophantsi. Phakathi kwezona zicetyiswayo zezi:
- Imbaza kunye nembaza
- Ikhowudi kunye ne-Atlantic cod
- Wedwa, indawo kunye neyodwa
- Iprawn kunye ne-shrimp
- Ingwane kunye neskwidi
- I-trout kunye ne-salmon
- Unonkala wesigcawu, unonkala kunye nekhala
- Imackerel
- Carp kunye pomfret
Ngokuyinene, Iintlanzi ezincinci, i-shellfish kunye ne-mollusks ezidla ngokusetyenziswa eSpain naseYurophu zilungele yonke intsapho., ngaphandle kweemeko ezithile ze-allergies okanye izithintelo zokutya.
Iintlanzi ezinomxholo wemekyuri ophakathi: Ngaba ziyingozi?
Phakathi kweentlanzi ezinokubakho amanqanaba aphakathi emercury, kodwa ungakhathazeki kumthengi oqhelekileyo, kukho iindidi ezifana i-bass yolwandle, ihake, ibhonito yasemantla okanye i-mackerel. Ezi ntlanzi zikhuselekile ukuba zingatyiwa njengenxalenye yokutya okuhlukahlukeneyo kunye nokulungelelana, ukuba nje kulandelwa rhoqo okucetyiswayo kwaye iintlobo "ezicocekileyo" zibekwe phambili kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana.
Iingcebiso ezisemthethweni: Ingakanani intlanzi kwaye yenzelwe bani
Ezona zikhokelo zihlaziyiweyo, ezifana nale isuka kwi I-Arhente yaseSpain yoKhuseleko lokutya kunye neSondlo (AESAN), cebisa:
- Yitya phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-4 ye-servings yentlanzi ngeveki, ukutshintshisa iintlobo kunye nokukhetha iindidi (ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, intlanzi yaselwandle).
- Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-10 ubudala Kufuneka baphephe iintlobo ezinomthamo wemercury ephezulu (ityhuna ebluefin, i-swordfish, i-pike, ookrebe), kwaye bagxininise kwiintlobo "ezicocekileyo" okanye ze-mercury ephantsi.
- Abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwe-14 ubudala Bangatya intlanzi "enkulu" kodwa banciphise inani ukuya kwi-120 grams ngenyanga kakhulu.
Ezi ngcebiso azithethi ukuba ukutya intlanzi kuyingozi, ngokuchaseneyo: ukuyidla kunenzuzo kwaye kukhuselekile, kodwa kuyafaneleka. khetha kakuhle iintlobo kwaye ubeka phambili umgangatho kunye nemvelaphi yemveliso.
Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka ukutya iintlanzi?
Ukutya intlanzi kuneenzuzo ezininzi zempilo ngenxa yayo umxholo ophezulu weeprotheyini ezisemgangathweni kunye nobutyebi bayo kwi I-Omega-3 fatty acids (DHA kunye ne-EPA). Ukongeza, intlanzi ngumthombo we Iivithamini B (B1, B2, B12), A, D, kunye neeminerali ezifana ne-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-calcium, iodine kunye ne-magnesium.
Los i-omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ekhoyo kwiintlanzi Banceda ukukhusela izifo zentliziyo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye negalelo ekuphuhliseni umntwana. Iintlanzi ezincinci ezinamafutha, ezifana nesardadi kunye neeanchovies, zinomdla kakhulu kwigalelo lazo kwezi zondlo zixabisekileyo kwaye, ukongeza, azinayo i-mercury.
Iintlanzi ezimhlophe ezifana ne-cod, i-hake, okanye i-sole, ngaphezu kokuba kulula ukwetyisa, ziqulethe amafutha amancinci kwaye zifanelekile kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka.
Imingcipheko yeMercury kunye neempawu zetyhefu
Ityhefu ye-Mercury ayinakwenzeka ngokutya okuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba iintlobo ezinkulu zeentlanzi ezinomxholo ophezulu we-mercury zidliwe ngobuninzi. I iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zetyhefu, ngokwezifundo kunye namagunya ezempilo, aquka:
- Amandla kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba
- Tremors
- Ukungazinzi xa uhamba
- Umbono ogqwethekileyo
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
- Ukuxhuzula (kwiimeko ezinzima)
Njengoko umngcipheko wokwenyani ulele ekusetyenzisweni okuphezulu kunye rhoqo kweentlobo ezingcolisekileyo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo yahluka uhlobo lwentlanzi kwaye uphephe ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezona ntlobo ziyingxaki. Abona bantu basemngciphekweni kwezi ziphumo baqhubeka ingabantwana abancinci kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
Ngaba imvelaphi kunye nohlobo lokuloba luchaphazela i-mercury?
Ewe ngu imvelaphi yentlanzi, indlela yayo yokufumana (yasendle okanye yokulima) kunye nendawo yokuthenga inokuchaphazela ubungakanani bemekyuri kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo ezikhoyo. KuManyano yaseYurophu, kukho ulawulo olungqongqo oluthintela ukuthengiswa kweentlanzi ezingaphaya kwemida esemthethweni. Ngoko ke, ibalulekile soloko uthenga kumaziko agunyazisiweyo, apho imveliso idlula umgangatho kunye nokulawula ukhuseleko lokutya.
Ukuloba ngokungekho mthethweni, ukuthengwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiinqanawa ezingaphandle kwemijelo esemthethweni, kunye neemveliso ezingalawulwayo zinokubeka umngcipheko owongezelelekileyo ngokwezinto ezingcolisayo.
IMercury kunye noNgcoliseko lweNdalo: Isishwankathelo
El I-Mercury ngokwemvelo ikhona kumhlaba womhlaba, kodwa umsebenzi wabantu (imigodi, ishishini, ukutshiswa kwamafutha e-fossil) uye wandisa kakhulu ukufika kwawo elwandle. Xa sele ilapho, inokuguqulwa ibe imethylmercury kwaye udlule kwikhonkco lokutya ngentlanzi. I-Meditera, ngenxa yembali yomsebenzi onzima woluntu kunye nomthamo wayo olinganiselweyo wokuhlaziywa kwamanzi, yenye yezona ndawo zibekwe esweni kwaye zilawulwa kakhulu eYurophu.
Nangona kunjalo, ulawulo lwangoku kunye nemimiselo yaseYurophu iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya kubathengi. Isifundo esikhulu kukuba ngelixa kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwingxaki yemercury, Ukutya iintlanzi ngenkathalo kusakhuselekile kwaye kuyacetyiswa kakhulu.
Ngombulelo kuphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nolawulo lwezempilo, namhlanje sinokukhetha iintlobo ezininzi zeziqholo ezimnandi nezinempilo ngaphandle kokwesaba i-mercury. Undoqo lulwazi kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukukhetha intlanzi encinci, i-shellfish, kunye ne-mollusks, ukutshintshisana kweentlobo, kunye nokubeka phambili umgangatho wemveliso zezona zidibeneyo zokonwabela incasa epheleleyo yolwandle ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.